The best yet
07 August 2018
Second quarter figures in the securities finance industry have contributed to the best post-crisis H1 revenues to date. Samuel Pierson of IHS Markit explains more
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Global securities lending revenue had the best Q2 since 2015, delivering a total of $3.1 billion, increasing 16 percent from Q2 2017. Adding that to the $2.6 billion in Q1 revenues reveals that the first half of 2018 had the highest H1 post-crisis securities lending revenue. (See figure 1: H1 Global Lending Revenue)
For some context, that is still 30 percent lower than the first half of 2008. The internals of that return have changed significantly, however, with government bonds moving from 8 percent to 18 percent of lending revenues between Q2 2015 and 2018. Corporate bonds have also taken on an increased significance, moving from 4 percent to 6 percent of revenues, and the $184 million in Q2 revenue was their best post-crisis quarterly revenue.
Demand for government bonds has remained near an all-time high, just above $1 trillion. Commensurate with that, revenues have also increased—with just over $900 million earned in the first half of 2018 being the highest on record and 28 percent above the first half of 2017.
For equities, Q2 represented the first year-on-year increase in Q2 revenues since 2011. The first quarter set the tone in 2016/17 and that appears to be the case again in 2018, with a strong Q1 leading to an even stronger Q2. Despite the rise of fixed income lending, equities still account for more than 75 percent of global lending revenue.
The growth in equity lending revenue has been driven by Asia in recent years, with owners of Japanese equities enjoying Q2 revenue growth over 32 percent as compared with Q2 2017. The total Asia lending revenue of $546 million was the highest level for a single quarter recorded; combined with Q1 the $1 billion in revenues is the highest revenue recorded in the first half of year (going back to 2006). No surprise then that matching the latter half of 2017 would result in 2018 being the best year on record for Asian equities lending revenue.
North American equities also showed solid growth, with the $831 million in Q2 revenue being an improvement of 6 percent as compared with Q2 2017, though it is a small decline as compared with the first quarter of this year. For the first half of the year North America equities delivered $1.6 billion, an encouraging result compared with 2016, but still 10 percent below the first half of 2016. While the first quarter saw a surge in Canadian equity revenues, on the back of cannabis related borrows, declining fees in the Q2 depressed revenues, despite demand remaining elevated.
It was a similar story for European equities, which delivered $929 million in Q2, a 21 percent improvement over Q2 2017, though this is still well below the greater than $1 billion in Q2 revenues for 2016. With that said it’s encouraging to see the H1 European equity revenue best the prior year comparison for the first time since 2013. (See figure 2: Equity Specials Balances)
Part of the story has been the demand for specials, which has been trending back up since Q1 of 2017. US special balances have bounced back in part the result of the Tesla borrow balance reaching an all-time high in Q2, just over $12 billion. The percentage of global equity loan balances with a fee above 100 basis points (bps) averaged 6.8 percent in Q2, down from 7.2 percent in Q1, though that is more the result of GC balances growing faster than specials. With equity revenues trending back toward the level seen in the first half of 2016, while special balances are still below where they were at the time, there could be further upside ahead for equity lending revenue in the second half of the year. (See figure 3: Sector Balances by Region)
Consumer Discretionary is the most borrowed sector globally, bolstered by $12 billion in TSLA balance, however, it would be the most borrowed sector even excluding that. Similarly, the outsized Asia balances in IT are largely the result of Alibaba, however, even after excluding the just over $30 billion in BABA balances, IT remains the second most borrowed sector.
Zooming in sector specials, the healthcare sector is revealed to have the largest percentage of special balances, with 7 percent of all balances on loan for greater than 500bps fee. Following that is IT, where 2.7 percent of balances are against loans with fees greater than 500bps, though consumer discretionary is a very close second. IT does not include the BABA balances, which remain easy to borrow despite being the most borrowed equity globally.
Borrow demand for corporate bonds has increased 32 percent since the start of 2017 and has bumped up against the $200 billion peak in demand at the outset of Q2 and again in early June. Notably, the balances and revenues associated with specials, defined as fees above 75bps, have also been trending up. The elevated borrow demand comes from a number of sources, however, rising interest rates and related refinancing needs have created trading opportunities which have contributed revenue to beneficial owners amidst the volatility in the first half of the year.
As noted above Alibaba is the most borrowed equity globally, however, that’s only part of the story in emerging market equity demand, which reached a post-crisis peak in June. Including BABA, emerging market balances are now over 11 percent of global equity balances, up from 8.8 percent at the start of 2017. Loan balances in Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan also peaked in early June, adding to the upswing in revenues in the region. While Asia emerging market rightly attracts most of the attention, it’s worth noting that South Africa and Latin America are also seeing increasing demand and revenues. If the current trends persist emerging market equities will generate over $1 billion in 2018 revenue.
There are strong tailwinds at the back of the industry, with equity GC and specials demand robust, corporate bond borrow demand spiking toward post-crisis highs and demand for high quality liquid assets continuing its rapacious increase. The market volatility in first half of the year has only enhanced these trends and borrow demand for emerging market equities and government bonds is poised to drive further revenue increases in the second half of 2018. With trade wars dominating the news cycle, and inflation concerns being expressed on earnings calls, increasing lending revenue has helped offset the market volatility in the first half of the year.
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For some context, that is still 30 percent lower than the first half of 2008. The internals of that return have changed significantly, however, with government bonds moving from 8 percent to 18 percent of lending revenues between Q2 2015 and 2018. Corporate bonds have also taken on an increased significance, moving from 4 percent to 6 percent of revenues, and the $184 million in Q2 revenue was their best post-crisis quarterly revenue.
Demand for government bonds has remained near an all-time high, just above $1 trillion. Commensurate with that, revenues have also increased—with just over $900 million earned in the first half of 2018 being the highest on record and 28 percent above the first half of 2017.
For equities, Q2 represented the first year-on-year increase in Q2 revenues since 2011. The first quarter set the tone in 2016/17 and that appears to be the case again in 2018, with a strong Q1 leading to an even stronger Q2. Despite the rise of fixed income lending, equities still account for more than 75 percent of global lending revenue.
The growth in equity lending revenue has been driven by Asia in recent years, with owners of Japanese equities enjoying Q2 revenue growth over 32 percent as compared with Q2 2017. The total Asia lending revenue of $546 million was the highest level for a single quarter recorded; combined with Q1 the $1 billion in revenues is the highest revenue recorded in the first half of year (going back to 2006). No surprise then that matching the latter half of 2017 would result in 2018 being the best year on record for Asian equities lending revenue.
North American equities also showed solid growth, with the $831 million in Q2 revenue being an improvement of 6 percent as compared with Q2 2017, though it is a small decline as compared with the first quarter of this year. For the first half of the year North America equities delivered $1.6 billion, an encouraging result compared with 2016, but still 10 percent below the first half of 2016. While the first quarter saw a surge in Canadian equity revenues, on the back of cannabis related borrows, declining fees in the Q2 depressed revenues, despite demand remaining elevated.
It was a similar story for European equities, which delivered $929 million in Q2, a 21 percent improvement over Q2 2017, though this is still well below the greater than $1 billion in Q2 revenues for 2016. With that said it’s encouraging to see the H1 European equity revenue best the prior year comparison for the first time since 2013. (See figure 2: Equity Specials Balances)
Part of the story has been the demand for specials, which has been trending back up since Q1 of 2017. US special balances have bounced back in part the result of the Tesla borrow balance reaching an all-time high in Q2, just over $12 billion. The percentage of global equity loan balances with a fee above 100 basis points (bps) averaged 6.8 percent in Q2, down from 7.2 percent in Q1, though that is more the result of GC balances growing faster than specials. With equity revenues trending back toward the level seen in the first half of 2016, while special balances are still below where they were at the time, there could be further upside ahead for equity lending revenue in the second half of the year. (See figure 3: Sector Balances by Region)
Consumer Discretionary is the most borrowed sector globally, bolstered by $12 billion in TSLA balance, however, it would be the most borrowed sector even excluding that. Similarly, the outsized Asia balances in IT are largely the result of Alibaba, however, even after excluding the just over $30 billion in BABA balances, IT remains the second most borrowed sector.
Zooming in sector specials, the healthcare sector is revealed to have the largest percentage of special balances, with 7 percent of all balances on loan for greater than 500bps fee. Following that is IT, where 2.7 percent of balances are against loans with fees greater than 500bps, though consumer discretionary is a very close second. IT does not include the BABA balances, which remain easy to borrow despite being the most borrowed equity globally.
Borrow demand for corporate bonds has increased 32 percent since the start of 2017 and has bumped up against the $200 billion peak in demand at the outset of Q2 and again in early June. Notably, the balances and revenues associated with specials, defined as fees above 75bps, have also been trending up. The elevated borrow demand comes from a number of sources, however, rising interest rates and related refinancing needs have created trading opportunities which have contributed revenue to beneficial owners amidst the volatility in the first half of the year.
As noted above Alibaba is the most borrowed equity globally, however, that’s only part of the story in emerging market equity demand, which reached a post-crisis peak in June. Including BABA, emerging market balances are now over 11 percent of global equity balances, up from 8.8 percent at the start of 2017. Loan balances in Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan also peaked in early June, adding to the upswing in revenues in the region. While Asia emerging market rightly attracts most of the attention, it’s worth noting that South Africa and Latin America are also seeing increasing demand and revenues. If the current trends persist emerging market equities will generate over $1 billion in 2018 revenue.
There are strong tailwinds at the back of the industry, with equity GC and specials demand robust, corporate bond borrow demand spiking toward post-crisis highs and demand for high quality liquid assets continuing its rapacious increase. The market volatility in first half of the year has only enhanced these trends and borrow demand for emerging market equities and government bonds is poised to drive further revenue increases in the second half of 2018. With trade wars dominating the news cycle, and inflation concerns being expressed on earnings calls, increasing lending revenue has helped offset the market volatility in the first half of the year.
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